The water resource consumption characteristics of the open type water-cooled chiller are directly related to its thermodynamic cycle mode. The open design of the system means that the cooling water directly exchanges heat and mass with the atmospheric environment, and evaporative heat dissipation becomes the main heat load transfer path. In the gas-liquid two-phase flow field inside the open type water-cooled chiller cooling tower, water molecules enter the air phase through interface mass transfer, and this phase change process is inevitably accompanied by a continuous loss of work quality. The dynamic balance of the water circulation loop depends on the real-time compensation of the replenishment water source, and the replenishment water volume forms a nonlinear coupling relationship with the system heat load and the ambient temperature and humidity.
The surface of the brass heat exchanger maintains stable wetting characteristics through the self-repairing effect of the oxide film, which reduces the negative impact of scaling on evaporation efficiency. The tendency of suspended matter to settle in the open type water-cooled chiller pipeline is suppressed by fluid dynamics optimization, thereby reducing the amount of forced sewage discharge caused by water quality deterioration. Some open type water-cooled chillers use concentration rate control technology to dynamically adjust the frequency of sewage discharge by real-time monitoring of circulating water ion concentration, and compress the ineffective water consumption within the critical threshold.
The particle size distribution optimization of the atomizing spray device improves the evaporation efficiency per unit water volume, indirectly reducing the total water consumption under the same heat exchange demand. The uniformity design of the air side flow field reduces the ineffective evaporation in the local over-drying area, making the phase change process of water molecules closer to the theoretical thermodynamic model. In the maintenance dimension of open type water-cooled chiller, regular microbial control and corrosion inhibition treatment avoid the attenuation of heat exchange efficiency caused by biofilm, and inhibit the increase of unnecessary water replenishment from the root.